Purchase: payment and receipt
Inventory: receipt to sale
Receivable: sale to collection
Payable: purchase to payment
Cycle: inventory + AR - AP
Profit does not describe cash timing
Revenue, customer collection, supplier payment, and inventory consumption occur at different times. A profitable operation can still lock cash in stock and receivables.
Use the cycle as a diagnostic alongside balance, credit facilities, tax, and committed payments.
Align the definitions of all three days
Inventory days uses average inventory and cost of sales; receivable days uses average AR and credit sales; payable days uses average AP and purchasing cost.
Declare period length, averaging, tax treatment, cash sales, advances, and currency.
Drill from the total into operating objects
Segment products, customers, suppliers, channels, and terms to find slow inventory, overdue accounts, and early payments.
Shared procurement and cost allocation can make object-level estimates approximate, which should be disclosed.
Call scenarios scenarios, not forecasts
A static calculation can show the cash effect of fewer inventory days or faster collection, but it is not a certain forecast.
Consider sales, availability, supplier relationships, and financing cost together.
Reconcile documents and ledger
Sample purchase, receipt, sale, invoice, collection, and payment documents and reconcile components to ledger balances across period boundaries.
BI0 can be assessed for operating-cash analysis; accounting connections, tax definitions, and forecasting need separate confirmation.
Public references
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